THE INFLUENCE OF WEATHER AND CLIMATE CONDITIONS ON THE FORMATION OF VARIETAL PRODUCTIVITY OF CHAMOMILE PLANTS (MATRICARIA RECUTITA L.) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE RIGHT BANK FOREST STEPPE OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article presents the results of assessing the impact of climate change on the formation of varietal productivity of medicinal chamomile in the conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe of Ukraine. For the study, indicators of possible climate changes RCP 6.0 for a period of up to 20 years were used according to the methodology of A.M. Poliovyi. During the years of experimental research (2017–2022) of different varieties of chamomile, their en-vironmental stability was studied, medicinal raw materials and prospects for use were evaluated. Ac-cording to the results of the research, it was established that under favorable weather and climate conditions for the formation of generative organs of the plant, a significant difference was observed between the varieties, the tallest (65.12 cm) was noted in the 'Perlyna Lisostepu' variety during the sub-winter sowing period with a wide-row method of 45 cm. The number of inflorescences on one plant ranged from 6.99 to 12.19 pieces weighing up to 5.24 g, the variability of which had significant data. During six years of research, rhythmological and morphobiological features of plants were re-vealed, which makes it possible to choose varieties with different sowing dates for the most effective cultivation for obtaining medicinal raw materials throughout the year. At the same time, the issues of biology, ecology, ontogeny of the plant were studied, taking into account elements of modern agri-cultural technology, and the variability of the expected moisture and temperature regime of the chamomile growing season was also assessed. A natural difference between the interphase periods and the vegetation period of the crop as a whole was established.