INTRODUCTION OF HERBAL PLANTS-SOZOPHITES OF THE WORLD FLORA IN THE DENDROPARK "ASKANIA-NOVA"

Abstract

The results of introduction studies of 7 rare species are presented. They cycle fully in the conditions of the region. According to the beginning of vegetation, five species of seven belong to the early spring rhythm type, of which Crocus heuffelianus has a short, Tulipa greigii, Pulsatilla pratensis, Allium obliquum – medium, Iris pseudacorus has a long development cycle; Eremurus spectabilis and Dioscorea caucasica belong to the mid-spring rhythm type and they are distinguished by a medium and long vegetation period. In terms of the beginning of flowering, they are characterized as earlyspring species – Crocus heuffelianus; middle-spring – Tulipa greigii, Pulsatilla pratensis; and Eremurus spectabilis, Iris pseudacorus, Dioscorea caucasica, Allium obliquum as late-spring species. According to the duration of flowering, the following groups are distinguished for short flowering – Tulipa greigii, medium flowering – Pulsatilla pratensis, Iris pseudacorus, Crocus heuffelianus, long-term flowering – Eremurus spectabilis, Allium obliquum, and long flowering – Dioscorea caucasica. Eremurus spectabilis, Allium obliquum, Dioscorea caucasica are characterized by stability and a fairly high level of fruiting abundance, Tulipa greigii – by stability and an average level of abundance, Pulsatilla pratensis, Iris pseudacorus, Crocus heuffelianus - by instability and, in general, a low level of abundance. Allium obliquum, Crocus heuffelianus, and Dioscorea caucasica are permanent; Iris pseudacorus and Tulipa greigii are renewed periodically and by vegetative way, and Allium obliquum – spontaneously and by natural seeding. Seeds of Allium obliquum, Dioscorea caucasica, Iris pseudacorus, Eremurus spectabilis, Tulipa greigii germinate in open ground. Their germination rate was 6%, 30%, 3%, 62%, 55%, respectively.